Impact of Mother-Son Relationship Essay

In the advent of single-parenthood within the nation and along with the controversial emergence of the reproductive health bill as a major feature of the year 2008, an attempt to look into the increasing concern on the population increase serves as the starting point for this study. The researches felt the need to conduct further study on the said domain, specifically focusing on the development of the sons who were raised by single mothers. The general objective of the current study is to find out the impact of mother-son relationship in the formation of social-psychological attributes by males raised by single mothers. Respondents of the study were composed of 30 males coming from the provinces of Cebu, Cagayan de Oro, Bukidnon, and Bacolod City, whose age ranged from 13-36, and those who were raised by single mothers. Results rendered that males raised by single mothers perceived an ideal mother as someone who is caring, understanding, and loving, and an ideal father as someone who is responsible or a good provider, wise, and loving and caring. Being raised in an atypical family type, males coming from single-parent family viewed an ideal family as intact, happy, full of love and care. The advantages of being raised by single mothers included being well taken-cared of, maturing early, and learning to be independent, while the lack of a male figure, financial deficiency, and the feeling of insecurity were on top of the list for the disadvantages of being in a single-parent family. Asking help from friends and relatives, doing nothing about the situation and self-reflection were some of the coping mechanisms of these males. Attitude toward marriage (x=3. 48) and levels of self-esteem (x=3. 95) were positively correlated to the level of self-disclosure of males raised by single mothers. This means that males who feel comfortable to disclose any information about themselves towards their mothers are most likely to have a positive outlook toward marriage and are more likely to develop a higher level of self-esteem compared to those who keep their thoughts to themselves.

National Food Security Bill 2013 Essay

Only three percent of Indians pay income tax; our tax-GDP ratio is among the lowest in the world. This must change. Our elites must realise that India’s poverty has damaging consequences for them, and that they can help decrease it. The food security bill, with all its limitations, will hopefully contribute to generating such awareness, says Praful Bidwai. After vacillating for years over taking any pro-people measures, the United Progressive Alliance finally did something bold and worthy by having the National Food Security Bill passed in Parliament — a promise made in the UPA’s â€Å"first 100 days† agenda after its return to power in 2009. The Bill won a resounding victory in the Lok Sabha, with a margin exceeding 100, because non-UPA parties including the Janata Dal-United, the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam and even the Shiv Sena felt they had no choice but to support it. It sailed through the Rajya Sabha too. The stage was set by a rare, spirited speech by Congress president Sonia Gandhi, in which she described the legislation as India’s chance to ‘make history’ by abolishing hunger and malnutrition, and emphasised that India cannot afford not to have the law: â€Å"The question is not whether we can [raise the resources] or not. We have to do it.† The NFSB has invested meaning, public purpose and a degree of legitimacy into the UPA’s otherwise corruption-ridden, shoddy and often appalling performance in government under an increasingly right-leaning leadership. This at once put the Bharatiya Janata Party on the defensive. Its leaders were reduced to opposing a measure that represents genuine social progress, and making thoughtless statements about the Bill being about ‘vote security’, not food security. The BJP now has nothing to offer to the nation but obscurantist programmes like building a temple at Ayodhya, and parochial, and predatory pro-corporate agendas under Narendra Modi’s rabidly communal leadership. The Bill is open to the criticism that it doesn’t go far enough. Instead of universalising subsidised food provision, it confines it to two-thirds of the population, and truncates it further by limiting the food quota to five kilos of grain per capita per month instead of the 35 kg per family demanded by right-to-food campaigners. The per capita quota puts small households, such as those headed by widows and single women, at a disadvantage. A universalised Public Distribution System, covering the entire population, has been proved to be more effective and less prone to leakage than one targeted at ‘below-poverty-line’ groups — in Kerala, Tamil Nadu and even poor, backward Chhattisgarh. The relatively well-off won’t stand in queues at ration shops; they select themselves out of a universal PDS. Besides, a large proportion even of those officially defined as poor don’t possess BPL ration cards. The ratio can be as high as 40 percent in some highly deprived states. The latest National Sample Survey reveals that 51 percent of rural people possessing less than one-hundredth of a hectare of land have no ration cards of any kind; less than 23 percent have BPL cards. The problem of identifying the poor remains unresolved. Nevertheless, the broader coverage proposed under the NFSB — and the simple, attractive formula of rice at Rs 3 per kg, wheat at Rs 2, and coarse grains at Re 1 — marks a definite improvement over the current situation. It creates a right or entitlement for the poor, which can go some way in reducing acute hunger. However, right-wing commentators, including neo-liberal economists, credit-rating agencies, multinational and Indian big business, and writers/anchors in the media, have vitriolically attacked the NFSB as an instance of reckless â€Å"populism†. Some claim it will do to little to relieve malnutrition among Indian children, almost one-half of whom suffer from it. Yet others contend that the poor don’t want or deserve subsidies; they aspire to work, earn more and eat better. And almost all of them say the NFSB will entail excessive wasteful expenditure of Rs 1.25 lakh crores. This will aggravate India’s growing fiscal crisis and further depress already faltering GDP growth, now down to four-five percent. Eventually, this will work against the poor. Besides, if investment and growth are to be revived, India can’t spend so much on food security.

Virtue Ethics Advantage

These character traits are classified as the backbone of virtue ethics. When we look at action utilitarianism, we think of rules and our call to duty. Nothing is greater than our call to duty, and we are sentenced to perform the most pivotal option. With virtue ethics we are almost provided more eel-way if you will. Morals are taken into much more depth and consideration than with action-utilitarianism. If we look at Kantian demonology, we notice the perfect and imperfect duties.These set of rules are essentially a guideline of how us people should act and live our lives. Once again, virtue ethics allows more freedom to decide for ourselves and make exceptions to these rules. An issue that surrounds Kantian demonology is that there must be exceptions to these perfect duties. The way I look at it, we can with a virtue mindset. We are allowed to take our moral code and apply it to the situation. Overall, I believe that virtue ethics allows people to make their win decisions, and with w hat people should do.This again conflicts with act- utilitarianism because it believes that the decision should be based on the best result for man-kind, not just one individual. Virtue ethics, along with our morals intact, allow for persons to take into consideration for others and select an option that results in better outcome for that person. These are a few advantages believe virtue ethics offers instead of utilitarianism and demonology.

To What Extent Are a Company's Annual Report and Accounts Essay

To What Extent Are a Company's Annual Report and Accounts - Essay Example The decisions made by these executives are made on the basis of the calculations resulting from value added. If the value added ensures an improvement in the value of single unit of supply input then the decision is directed accordingly (Gilchrist, R., 1971). The concept of value added is greatly described by Bernard Cox in his book ‘Value Added: an appreciation for the accountant concerned with industry’. In this book the author has explained various methods through which value added can be made useful in managerial applications, evaluating the annual reports and account of the company. The most applicable way understanding and utilizing value added is to subtract purchases from sales and sum up profits generated by the company, depreciation expense accumulated over the assets, interest expense for the loans made by the company, payroll costs which is the amount paid to the employees and workers, dividends paid to the shareholders and tax paid to the government. The sub tracted amount represents that how the value added is created in the first place. All the expenses are summed up with the profits to get an amount which is then the representative of the generated amount by the company or in other words how the company has utilized its wealth (Cox, B., 1979). The value added calculation which is done to analyze a company’s overall performance level is somewhat similar to the calculations done to determine the national accounts with respect to the whole economy. Therefore it would be right to say that the concept of value added is not new for the accountants and financial professionals rather it do existed in the early 20th century as well. The similarly between national accounting and value added is briefly defined by Cox. He demonstrated... This paper approves that value added framework of accounting describes the current position of the company with respect to its productivity; that how much sales it has generated and where the revenues are spent, market share; which explains the growth rate of the company and also suggests the potential areas for further development, lastly, financial performance is analyzed through this substantial accounting tool, the loss/gain earned by the company including all the generated profits. At time value added is confused with the sales revenue despite of the fact that there is a marked difference between the two. This report makes a conclusion that the value added should not be misinterpreted with the sales revenue because it is the computation of the net instead of the gross production of any revenue generating institution whether it is a country, company or a factory. The importance of value added and its procedures is also emphasized by the Financial Accounting Standards Board by mentioning that the value added along with its procedures and calculations is as reliable as any other financial statement, for instance, the balance sheet. This infers that value added can be used extensively in order to make evaluations about the company performance and to make generalization about the overall industry. The famous brands Caterpillar and Komatsu can be compared with each other by calculating the valued added amount for one company and then make it a benchmark to compare the other company’s performance. The value added can also be used to identify the strong company when comparing two or mo re companies together.

The differences between the English and Spanish colonies in the new Essay

The differences between the English and Spanish colonies in the new world - Essay Example There is need to compare the two colonial masters in an effort to identify differences. Religion played an important role in the administration of the colonial territories. Both masters embraced Christianity. The Spanish rule however integrated Christianity in their administration. On the other hand the British acknowledged Christianity but had no role in administration. The Spanish rule ensured that Catholic was the only denomination in their territories. The British encourage Protestantism as their form of religion (Elliot 184). Religion in both colonial territories was used as a tool of strengthening their territory as a common agenda made user each territory shared the same religious ideologies. Religion then played an important role in these colonies as it influenced indigenous cultures. The British colonies exercised tolerance as other denominations where allowed into the region (Elliot 186). The Spanish on the other hand ensured the modern religion was the only religion practices in their territories which were different in British colonies where indigenous cult ure was tolerated. Administration was an important element in the two territories as it was a tool that differentiated the two colonies in the ‘New World’. According to Lange et al (2006) Spanish colonies experienced direct rule. This meant that rulers where appointed by the royal administration in Spain. The rulers answered directly to Spain any action was to be undertaken with a directive from Spain. The direct rule was enhanced by the Spanish government to sponsor settlers in their new territories (Strayer, 633). The Imperial companies that enhanced exploration of the ‘New World’ by the British meant that there rule was independent and formed governments different from the royal rule in Britain. The two systems meant that the indigenous individuals where to be the subjects

International management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

International management - Essay Example A case in example is the phenomenon of exclusion of youth that occurs due to political, economic and social factors. The last and most significant aspect is the micro level detail of working conditions in the manufacturing plants. Much has been said and written about these so-called â€Å"sweatshops†. Thus, the biggest challenge before the apparel companies is to ensure that they break out of this stereotype. Q2) Leadership beyond borders means that no matter where the manufacturing plants are and no matter where the supply chain is located, the company that undertakes CSR would do everything possible to make its commitments to the broader society work. It means that one can be CEO of a firm that is headquartered in the US but has manufacturing facilities in South East Asia but, the leadership team is committed to CSR wherever they have the plants. This means a holistic and systems wide approach to CSR that integrates all functions in an organization and all markets in which the companies operate. Thus, the task before the leadership is to treat the world market and the supply chain as one integrated whole and then tailor their products and services without compromising on their commitment to

Inferential Statistics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Inferential Statistics - Essay Example In effect the new drug which comes in the form of a pill is believed to be as powerful as a cocktail of several multiple medications. The new drug that has been developed is as efficient as the standard multi-drug regimen. The null and the alternative hypothesis for difference in the efficiency of the new drug as a standard multi-drug regime may be simplified as below: When conducting statistical studies, variables have to be analyzed. In the case of measuring drug efficiency, the researcher may consider the frequency of administering the drugs, and the dosage as independent variables while the dependent variable may be the intensity of the symptoms of AIDS on the patients. The efficiency of a drug maybe defined as the ability of the drug to give particular results without due regard to dosage (Pokrovskii and Kompaniets, 2008). Thus, the: AIDS is a disease that attacks people irrespective of their gender, race, age, and socio-economic backgrounds. While this is the case, it must be considered the ethical and legal implications of using certain elements of the population such as children for certain tests. In order to have a representative sample that will properly and adequately represent the effectiveness of the drug, probability sampling will be employed. In the probability sampling strategy, simple random sampling will be done in which the sample will consist of people who are infected with AIDS. All elements of the samples will be of legal age according to the country’s laws and will be engaged in the tests out of free will. The subjects will be selected by screening them for other diseases; those with composite diseases will be disqualified and only those with AIDS will be considered. In order to establish the true efficacy of the new drug, the test will have to be devoid of experimenter and selection bias (Cortes, Mehryar, Riley and Rostamizadeh (nd). Selection bias in this case is an error

Positive Action Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Positive Action - Case Study Example Because positive action is not geared towards eliminating competition, its initiatives usually end before the selection process is started. During short listing and selection of candidates, the person must show merit and capability to do the job. Positive action can also come in the form of training courses designed for specific groups to ensure they can compete with others on level ground. Yet another mode of action of positive action is through implementing changes to discriminatory practices and policies in light of findings. In the United Kingdom, positive action initiatives include "Tomorrow's planners'" initiative. Positive Action Training Highway, the Department for Communities and Local Government and the Planning Inspectorates together have been working to oversee the success of the Tomorrow's planning initiative (Nancy, 1996). This particular initiative aims at increasing black, Asian and other minority group representation in planning over the coming decade. THE HUMAN RESOURCE FUNCTION IN RELATION WORKFORCE DIVERSITY Employee recruitment and selection is increasingly becoming important with more attention being paid to avoid the costs that are associated with poor selection. Several methods are applied in selecting an organization's human resource and generally include advertising, testing, screening, completing application form, interviews and through correspondences with prospective employees. It is the mandate of the human resource team to recruit and select a team that is effective in the organisation's running. The HR department must also come up with polices that will ensure that the process of employee recruitment and selection is carried out within the laws of the country, is above... This essay focuses mostly on the analysis of the positive action initiatives, that give potential employees from under-represented group’s legal backing for equal opportunity with other applicants. Positive action, however, does not involve treating some people more favourably than others, nor does it seek to eliminate positive competition. It also is not positive discrimination which actually is unlawful in the United Kingdom. The researcher analyzes the initiatives for positive action, that are generally designed to make employers be able to encourage minority groups to apply for promotions and jobs. This is because some members of society tend to feel that they do not â€Å"fit in† because of their backgrounds or lifestyles to some organisations. Some people, due to past experiences in other organisations have come to a conclusion that they are unwelcome to work in certain organisations. The researcher then concludes that it is the primary objective of positive actio n to dispel such untrue notions and show the potential employee how much change has occurred in the way organizations are managed. Positive action creates an emphasis that applications are in particular welcome from people that are considered to be from minority groups. Adopting a recruitment policy that is based on affirmative action while driven by good motives can pose a great challenge to the human resource function. The organization or its employees could quite easily face litigation on grounds of discrimination.

Social networking and information system Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Social networking and information system - Essay Example Although most of the activity done on social media is either non-work-related or entirely harmless, employers sometimes take exception to the employees’ online postings and take disciplinary action against them. Some kinds of social media usage by employees that usually acquire disciplinary action from the employers include posting photos or videos showing some sort of misbehavior related to work e.g. tweeting about avoiding work or feigning illness, and expressing views over social media whose connection to the organization is not appreciated or approved of by the employers. The technical, legal, and ethical implications of the social media in business imparts need for government and organizations to work at their respective levels to develop safety mechanisms, security systems, and codes of ethics to guide the behavior of employees at the workplace. Business use of social media saw a two-fold increase from 11 per cent in 2008 to 22 per cent in 2009 (Sarrel, 2010). Social med ia is being increasingly used by the employees at the workplace for both non-work and work related purposes including attracting clients and developing joint ventures. Organizations use social media to engage their customers and market their products and services as social media websites â€Å"provide a cyber-meeting space for people wanting to network† (Carroll and Buchholtz, 2011, p. 270). Rise in the use of new technology in general and of the Internet and the social media at the workplace in particular implies that employees can now access information related to their employment law and employment rights much more easily than they could in the past. A vast majority of organizations and unions provide information related to their employment rights in definite sections of their websites in formats that are easily understandable including links to social media websites like YouTube and Twitter. Although employees’ increased access to information can generally be perce ived as a positive development since it increases their awareness about employment laws and assists them in dealing with work related issues, yet this also poses certain challenges for organizations. For example, employees may prefer getting information about employment laws online rather than directly approaching their managers or consulting a trade union representative. As a result, employees have a tendency of misunderstanding information that has been garnered out of context online, which in effect, complicates the interaction on specific issues between employers and employees. As social networking websites have become more popular, employees have received a platform where they can display a lot of information about themselves. This information is visible to everybody in the public and potentially to the employer. The employer can access all that information including photographs showing the activities and behavior of the employees outside of work which can have an adverse impac t on the dignity and reputation of an employee at work. Principally, an employer should not judge an employee’s performance at work based on their private life activities. Every employee has a personal life that should be respected by the employers until the employee does not breach the ethical guidelines established by the organization. Baldas (2009) argues that with the awareness that the information about private life has been accessible to the

Discuss the qualities of effective business leaders. Reference at Research Paper

Discuss the qualities of effective business leaders. Reference at least two business leaders . What methods do they use to create a culture of motivation and high performance - Research Paper Example They should have the ability to influence their subordinates in a positive manner with the aim that they are motivated to perform much better. A democratic working style is much better than an authoritarian working style for the leader. A leader with a democratic outlook will strive towards the betterment of the organization rather than his personal benefits. Effective business leaders are usually self-starters and they themselves always strive to improve their performance. They make themselves always available in their organization (Harvard Business School, â€Å"Becoming an effective leader†). Leaders should be visionaries and they should have the capability to articulate their vision to their employees. They should have good communication skills; they should be willing to take risks and always should have the willingness to learn (Holbeche, L., â€Å"Motivating People in Lean Organizations†). Bill Gates has been described many a times as a fierce competitor but no one can deny the fact that he is a great visionary who has always been a step ahead of his times. Microsoft has certain practices that contribute in motivating their employees. The product designers of Microsoft work in small teams. They are provided assignments that are challenging and they are also given recognition for their work. Performance assessment is carried out twice a year in Microsoft. Certain performance objectives are set and employees may compare themselves against those objectives. These self-evaluations are rated by their managers. The rating ranges from exceptional to a very low level. The low level of performance means that it is not matching up to a certain minimum standard. The good performance is rewarded by increase in salary. Bill Gates personally visits those employees who have performed exceedingly well and they are honored for their achievement. The employees are awarded by giving sha res of the company to

Psychometrics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Psychometrics - Essay Example The tests used are designed strictly for this purpose and has no relevance to anything else other than the purpose for which it was created (Rust & Golombok, 1989). Measurement in psychometrics can be taken as the conversion of abstract constructs into concrete variables on the basis of a clear set of rules and arises from the conjecture of McCall 1939 p.15, that â€Å"anything that exists in amount can be measured.† Tests form the essential feature of the means to measurement in psychometrics. A test may be taken as a standard procedure in an attempt to sample behaviour and describe it in terms of categories or scores. A true test incorporates norms and standards in relation to the scores that assist in the prediction of behaviour and performance. An unstandardised test has confounding factors in it, which interact with the performance and as a result has a negative impact on the ability to evaluate performance. Psychological testing attempts to ape measurements in the physical measurement, where numbers are ascribed to demonstrate levels of some feature like temperature or weight. Tests through its scores or evidence make it possible to assess whether an individual belongs to a particular category or group and to evaluate the quantum of trait or quality that is possessed by the individual. There are two caveats that govern any test. The first caveat is that error is inherent to a test result and that the measurement obtained is not a reflection of the true score, but a reflection of the sum of the true score and the error, which may be positive or negative. The second caveat is that psychological test scores are not a measure of physical reality and are representative of abstract concepts. For example the Intelligence Quotient (IQ) does not really exist, but is a useful abstract concept for predicting success in academics or career. Test scores are interpreted through the comparison against a set of

Judith Anne Neelley Essay Example for Free

Judith Anne Neelley Essay Judith Anne Neelley belongs to the growing list of women offenders convicted for heinous crimes. Just 18 years old, she was convicted in 1983 in Alabama for the brutal murder of a young girl and was meted the death penalty. However, contrasting views of whether the death penalty should be implemented and racial bias as well, influenced a former governor of the state to commute her sentence to life imprisonment in 1999 (ProsandCons.us, 2009). Her Crimes Sometime in 1980, she robbed a woman inside a mall at gunpoint (Ramsland, 2007). Two years later, she lured and kidnapped Lisa Ann Millican, 13 years old of Rome, Georgia, who was under the auspices of a home for neglected girls (Ramsland, 2007). She was sexually assaulted, stabbed, injected with drain cleaner, shot to death and her body pushed down a mountain where it was found days later (Ashley, 1999). After this, she persuaded a man and his companion to ride with her and show her around the town because she was new there. She then shot but did not kill the man John Hancock and took her girlfriend Janice Chatman to a motel where she and her husband molested and raped her (O’Shea, 1999). Over-all, she was involved in 15 murders that occurred not only in Georgia but also in Tennessee and Alabama (O’Shea, 1999). She also continually committed minor offenses such as swindling, car theft, petty theft, robbery and minor assaults (Furio, 2001). Social Background Judith Neelley did not attend middle school or high school and she was not known to hold any permanent job, doing odd jobs and also swindling and robbing in order to survive (Wetsch, 2005). As a teenager, she spent time in a youth center, having been abandoned by her parents. There she claimed that she was sexually assaulted (Wetsch, 2005). She was pregnant during her detention for armed robbery and at 15-years old she gave birth to twins (O’Shea, 1999). Her third child was also born in prison just before her trial for the murder of Lisa Millican. There is no mention of her family or childhood in the literature encountered as she was not fond of giving interviews. Marriage and Family Life At a very early age, she married Alvin Neelley who was twice her age, an ex-convict who served time for shooting his first wife. With their common behavior of being violent towards women, Alvin figured as a partner in the crimes she instigated. They referred to themselves as The Nightrider and Lady Sundance (Ramsland, 2007). Following his release from prison for their robbery in 1980, Alvin took a job at a gas station and used his earnings to buy two cars with CB radios installed (Wetsch, 2005). Judith will drive around to look for the next victim and will radio Alvin to join her when the victim is in the car. Their relationship, though sexual in nature, was at times violent and lasted because of this partnership. Â  According to her husband, Judith’s personality was very dominant and she was violent which accounted for her strong influence over him. Alvin Neelley later stated that he went along because his wife had such power over other people and he was left with no choice (Ramsland, 2007). On the other hand, Judith stated during the trial that she took women and young girls to please her husband because he wanted them, that he willingly planned and executed the acts, that he battered her and threatened her children to force her to take part (O’Shea, 1999). However, investigators and the jury eventually agreed that Judith actively participated in the killing sprees as the brains behind the murders (Kelleher Kelleher, 1998). While on predating sprees, she brought her children along. They helped her earn the trust of the people she lured. The toddlers witnessed the sexual molestation and torture of Lisa Millican and the other victims by their mother. This type of parenting, husband and wife relationship and over-all family life deviates from what is typical. Contributing Factors She was not found by the jury to be mentally disturbed or to be an abused wife factors which could help explain her brutal behavior. After her conviction, she appealed to the court but exhausted the appeals process with futility (ProsandCons.us, 2009). Does this person fit the profile of the typical offender for this type of crime? Judith Neelley did not fit the profile of the typical murderer. She was female, white, a young mother, slim and blond. Females were generally regarded as soft, caring or docile and not aggressive or violent (Schurman-Kauflin, 2000). At the time she committed murder, the stereotype of persons who had the capacity to perform such crimes was male and probably black. For this reason, it was not seriously believed at first that she perpetrated the murders (Texas AM International University, 2004). Initially, the burden of accountability for the acts was brought heavily on her husband because he was the male. At the end of the trial, she got the death penalty while her husband got two life terms. Based on current information on criminal behavior however, Judith Anne Neelley fits the profile of a female serial team killer. Because she lacked the strength to subdue victims or carry dead bodies, she raped and killed together with her husband who was also a sexual killer (Kelleher Kelleher, 1998). Only one thing sets her apart from other females in serial team killing she had already attempted to kill a man by shooting him before she even met her husband (Furio, 2001). She was delinquent as a teenager and before age 20, performed her first serial killing. Very sociable, she was able to talk her victims, either when they were alone or with their companions, into going for a ride with her in her car (TAMIU, 2004). She felt herself superior over others and called the authorities about Lisa Millican and where her body could be found, implicating a warden as the one responsible. She was cruel, merciless and delighted in the suffering and death of her victims. During the trial, she played the role of victim in saying that she was a battered wife so that her husband would get the maximum penalty while she will serve time only as an accomplice (TAMIU, 2004). Which crime theory that we have studied comes closest to explaining this offender’s behavior? The strain theory of crime causation comes closest to explaining Judith Neelley’s behavior. The extreme stress from social and economic factors that she experienced as a young girl being abandoned by her family, her poverty and then being sexually molested while in a juvenile center, all contributed in pushing her to commit crime. Unsuccessful in obtaining power from money or education, she killed others to feel powerful. List of References Ashley, D. (1999). Woman Loses Death Row Appeal. Retrieved 9 April 2009 from http://www.equaljustice.ca/cgi-bin/forum.cgi/noframes/read/6290. Furio, J. (2001). Team Killers: A Comparative Study of Collaborative Criminals. New York: Algora. Kelleher, M. and Kelleher, C.L. (1998). Murder Most Rare: The Female Serial Killer. Connecticut: Praeger Publishers. Â  O’Shea, K. (1999). Women and the Death Penalty in the United States: 1900-1998. Connecticut: Praeger Publishers. ProsandCons.us (2009). Conversion of a Killer. Retrieved 9 April 2009 from http://prosandcons.us/?cat=61

The Respiratory Response To Exercise Physical Education Essay

The Respiratory Response To Exercise Physical Education Essay Exercise refines the ability of the cardiorespiratory system to take oxygen from air inspired into the lungs, and then load and transport it more effectively. Greater efficiency in the movement of blood through the cardiovascular system allows greater amounts of oxygen to be transferred from the respiratory system and also lung size does not increase due to exercise by any estimable degree.When you are exercising your respiratory system responds by increasing the respiratory rate and tidal volume as you start to breathe heavily, deeper and quicker, so that a greater supply of oxygen can get to the muscles. In contrast when you finish exercising your respiratory rate and tidal volume will decrease and gradually return to baseline. The increase in the respiratory rate and tidal volume in response to exercise leads to an increase in the pulmonary ventilation and thus greater delivery of oxygen to the alveoli to meet the increased demand of the exercising muscles. It also ensures greater removal of carbon dioxide which is produced by the increased workload of the musculature. Responses to Anaerobic Exercise In order to immediately meet the unexpected higher energy demand, stored ATP is the first energy source. This lasts for approximately 2 seconds. Muscles begin to fatigue when ATP resynthesis can no longer match requirement. If the exercise continues at a high intensity, and so Oxygen is not available at a fast enough rate to allow aerobic metabolism to take over, the production of lactic acid will reach the point where it interferes with muscular function. This is called the Lactate threshold. When stored ATP is broken down into ADP + P, the rising ADP level excites Creatine Kinase to begin the breakdown of Phosphocreatine (PC). The ATP-PC system can only last 8-10 seconds before PC stores are decreased. The lactic acid system (Anaerobic glycolysis) must then take over as the predominant source of energy production. High intensity (but sub-maximal) exercise can last for between 3 and 5 minutes using this system Responses to Aerobic Exercise Due to the necessity of Oxygen being present for aerobic metabolism, the first few minutes of low to moderate intensity exercise are powered by anaerobic metabolism as described above. The intensity and duration of exercise determines which fuel source is used. Fat metabolism is a slow process and so can only be used as fuel for exercise at less than 60% VO2 max. The intensity of exercise which can be maintained drops as fat cannot supply the required amount of energy. Continued low to moderate intensity exercise is then fuelled by carbohydrate and fat stores using aerobic metabolism. Carbohydrate is a much faster fuel source and so can be used for exercise up to 80% (in trained individuals). Carbohydrate stores within the muscle and liver can fuel exercise for up to 80 minutes. As carbohydrate stores get lower, the body has to rely more and more on fat stores. The effects of exercise training on the respiratory system : During exercise of the muscle cells, the organism use more oxygen and produce increased amounts of carbon dioxide. So after the exercise of the muscle cells your lungs and heart have to work harder to supply the extra oxygen and remove the carbon dioxide.Eventually your breathing rate increases and you breathe more deeply and also heart rate increases in order to transport the oxygenated blood to the muscles. Muscle cell respiration increases , more oxygen is used up and levels of carbon dioxide rise. The brain detects increasing levels of carbon dioxide and a signal is sent to the lungs to increase breathing. Breathing rate and the volume of air in each breath increase, which means that more gaseous exchange takes place. The brain also tells the heart to beat faster so that more blood is pumped to the lungs for gaseous exchange. More oxygenated blood is gets to the muscles and more carbon dioxide is removed. A conditioned athlete gradually develops increased maximum oxygen consumption (VO2 max) and lung capacity, which are contributors to being fit and healthy. Moreover, athlete who has not properly trained their cardiovascular system is likely to incur other injuries more easily by the rapid onset of fatigue and the consequent lowering of motivation and mental awareness. For anyone emulating at varying altitudes, they must allow themselves a considerable period to acclimatise before an event. Even climbing to a moderate altitude decreases the maximum uptake by 7% to 8% due to the change in atmospheric pressure. This decrease in oxygen being supplied to the muscles may decrease performance by 4% to 8% depending on the duration of emulation, a considerable disadvantage at the finish line. Finally, athlete who prepares and acclimatises well may still not match natives of high altitude areas such as the Andes, who have a larger chest capacity, more alveoli, larger capillary beds and higher red blood cell count.Thenceforth, people may suffer from altitude sickness when moving from low to high altitudes, sufficient time must also be allowed for these symptoms to vanish before starting intensive training. Conclusion : Biological control mechanisms increase ventilation in response to exercise to meet the demand for increased gas-exchange rates and to maintain PaCO2, pHa and PaO2 during moderate exercise and heavy exercise. Finally all humans possess specific kinds of muscle fibers, each of which is allotted relatively evenly throughout the muscles of the body in keeping with the genetic makeup of the individual. The two general muscle fiber types are fast twitch and slow twitch fibers. The definition between fast and slow is determined by the frequency with which the neuron that dominates the impulses that control the contraction of the particular fiber. Fast twitch neurons begin at a rate of approximately 10 times greater frequency than does a slow twitch neuron.Also the effective function of fast twitch fibers is necessary to anaerobic sports such as sprinting and jumping. Specialized exercise, such as plyometric programs, can increase the performance of fast twitch fiber. The proportion of slow twitch muscle fibers, the backbone to the muscle function in stamina sports such as marathon running and cycling, will increase in proportion to fast twitch fibers when the athlete undergoes vigorous stamina training.

Plato The Theory Of Knowledge Philosophy Essay

Plato The Theory Of Knowledge Philosophy Essay Plato is one of the worlds best known and most widely read and studied philosophers. He was the student of Socrates and the teacher of Aristotle. His level of thinking and reasoning were well beyond that of his time. Plato is most well-known for his theory on forms but I find Platos Theory of Knowledge behind his example of the cave and divided line fascinating. There are three main examples I want to focus on that can be used in describing Platos theory of knowledge: his allegory of The Cave (my favorite), his metaphor of the Divided Line and with some extra help from his theory on Forms. Each theory is intertwined and are the best examples to represent Platos own view on what knowledge really is, even thought they are unique in their own way by opening up new and different ideas, Here we will explore how one example relates to the other in terms of the truth of knowledge from Platos point of view. The Cave: In The Cave, Plato describes a scene of prisoners seated in a dark cave facing a wall from birth; the prisoners have never seen anything except shadows. If the prisoners could turn around they would see puppeteers with props and a fire behind that. In the example, the puppeteers are using the fire to produce shadows on the wall for the captive prisoners. Plato states that to them, reality is just a shadows thrown onto the wall, because that is all they have ever and will ever know. Another vision was about a prisoner being released, describes how his movements would suffer, his eyes would suffer and his body would suffer not only emotionally but physically. All the evidence I gather from the cave makes it seem like Plato thought most of humanity was living in a cave, in the dark and very limited in knowledge being bound to bare minimum, and that with new knowledge and to gain this new information is basically humanity being rescued from darkness. He put it this way, the conversion of the soul, in the readiest way; not to put the power of sight into the souls eye, which already has it, but to ensure that, instead of looking in the wrong direction, it is turned the way it ought to be.(Plato Republic book X) To Plato the rest of humanity was basically these tied up people. Gaining true knowledge to common people would be the same as letting one man out of the cave, potentially dangerous and also freeing at the same time. The Divided Line: The Divided Line visualizes the levels of knowledge in a more systematic way. Plato states there are four stages of knowledge development: Imagining, Belief, Thinking, and Perfect Intelligence. Imagining is at the lowest level of this developmental ladder. Imagining, here in Platos world, is not taken at its conventional level but of appearances seen as true reality. Plato considered shadows, art and poetry, especially rhetoric, deceptive illusions, what you see is not necessarily what you get. With poetry and rhetoric you may be able to read the words but you may not understand the real meaning. For example, take, again, the shadow. If you know a shadow is something real then you are beyond the state of imagination which implies that a person is unaware of observation and amounts to illusion and ignorance. Belief is the next stage of developing knowledge. Plato goes with the idea that seeing really is not always believing we have a strong conviction for what we see but not with absolute certainty. This stage is more advanced than imagining because its based more firmly on reality. But just because we can actually see the object and not just its shadow doesnt mean we know all there is to know about the object. In the next stage, Thinking, we leave the visible world and move into the intelligible world which, Plato claims, is seen mostly in scientists. It stands for the power of the mind to take properties from a visible object and applying them. Thinking is the visible object but also the hypotheses, A truth which is taken as self-evident but which depends upon some higher truth. Plato wants us to see all things as they really are so we can see that all is inter-connected. But thinking still doesnt give us all the information we crave and we still ask why? For Plato the last stage of developing knowledge, Perfect Intelligence, represents the mind as it completely releases from sensible objects; which is directly related to his doctrine of forms. In this stage, hypotheses are no longer present because of their limitations in depending on even further higher truths. Plato summarized the Divided Line with And now you may take, as corresponding to the four sections, these four states of mind: intelligence for the highest, thinking for the second, belief for the third, and for the last imagining. These you may arrange as the terms in a proportion, assigning to each a degree of clearness and certainty corresponding to the measure in which their objects possess truth and reality.(Johnson 59) When discussing the Divided Line, The Forms are the highest levels of reality. Plato concludes here that the real world is not what we see but what we understand or feel in an intelligible world because it is made up of eternal Forms. The Forms take on the explanation of existence and life. Plato describes forms as changeless, eternal, and nonmaterial essences or patterns of which the actual visible objects we see are only poor copies. Plato uses a person discovering the quality of beauty to explain this, he will abate his violent love of the one, which he willà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦deem a small thing and will become a lover of all beautiful forms; in the next stage he will consider that there beauty of the mind is more honorable that there beauty of outward form. Drawing towards and contemplating the vast see of beauty, he will create many fair and noble thoughts and notions in boundless love of wisdom; until on that shore he grows and waxes strong, and at last the vision is revealed to him of a single science, which is the science of beauty everywhere. (Plato republic book XI) There are many Forms but not everything has a Form, if this were so then there would be a parallel world. Forms are not something we can touch but something we hold in our minds, the thought of a perfect circle or prefect shapes; Plato described them as real existence, colorless, formless, and intangible, visible only to the intelligence. Knowledge: Forms do not exist per se; they just cant be touched. Plato said, The forms are the causes of all our knowledge of all objects. The forms contribute all order and intelligibility to objects. Since we can only know something insofar as it has some order or form, the forms are the source of the intelligibility of all material objects.(Tate) To me forms are what we get our ideas from; the thought of something perfect, when made by man is imperfect. Plato said Forms are related to things in three ways: cause, participation and imitation. But Plato doesnt mean to say that all Forms are related to each other, only that significant things use some Forms and that just knowing that includes understanding the relationship between Forms. Plato says there are three ways to discover Forms: recollection, dialectic and desire. Recollection is when our souls remember the Forms from prior existence. Dialectic is when people discuss and explore the Forms together. And third is the desire for knowledge. Platos Theory of Knowledge leads us down many roads but we see the same theme through-out all of the examples: light to dark; ignorant to educated; reality to really real. In The Cave we move from the dark of the cave to the light of outdoors, showing us our on limitations and how knowledge can get us beyond our previous limitation, but also how our knowledge can be a limitation if we do not keep searching. The Divine Line took us from the ignorance of Imagining to the education of Perfect Intelligence. The Forms showed us that even though we can see something does not mean we can see all of it and just because we cannot see something does not mean it does not exist. All three link knowledge as the key to all; anything and everything. If you have infinite knowledge there is nothing you cannot have.

Human Rights Violations :: Human Rights Essays

Human Rights Violations in Afghanistan Since the departure of the Soviets from Afghanistan basic human rights of the Afghanistanis have not just been trampled on but summarily done away with. After the widespread destruction of the power struggle, the ruling party, the Taliban, have committed atrocities against the people of Afghanistan that few would believe still exist in the world today. Especially targeted are the Shiite minority and the women of Afghanistan. Despite every effort of the Taliban to limit reporters and documentation of the crimes being committed, there is tremendous information being made public worldwide. The violations present a unique situation in the world and command reaction from the world at large. http://www.tabloid.net/1999/01/21/taliban_990121.html : Tabloid news services - Kabul, Afghanistan What has become norm these to Afghanis are straight out of a horror movie for most of the civilized world. The Taliban regime has enacted their own form of justice under the banner of Islam. This news piece from the capital tells of a typical day of sentencing, severed hands and feet of thieves hanging in the busiest part of the town to serve as a warning to others. One of the most unique punishments is for the sodomists. The presumed guilty stands in front of a wall, which is bulldozed on him while a crowd watches. **http://my.rawa.org/rawa.html Rawa, the Revolutionary Association of the Women of Afghanistan, was started under the Soviet rule. These women campaigned against the atrocities of the Soviets and brought to public view their heinous crimes. Since their departure this group has enlarged its scope to include resistance to the fundamentalists as well as the mistreatment of the women and girls of Afghanistan. The Taliban have been especially cruel towards women since they believe women should not be allowed to work or go to school. Women and girl who still pursue these goals are frequently stopped by the morality police and beaten or worse. The Rawa org. is doing an incredible job exposing these violation under their harsh circumstances. http://www.rawa.org/herat-p.htm In May of 1999, the Taliban suppressed a coup by the Iran backed Hezb-e-Wahdat(shiite group). After the confrontation, they thought it would be prudent to seek out all of the Hazaras Shiite minority living in Herat. The Taliban went on an armed house-to-house search of the entire town.

Benefits and Risks of Antibiotics Essay -- Antibiotics Pills Essays

Benefits and Risks of Antibiotics Introduction There are many issues that producers face in their practices today. One of these issues concerns the widely accepted use of antibiotics in livestock feeds. There are benefits and risks associated with this use. These issues impact not only the animal industry; the repercussions are seen on a much larger scale in the general public. This paper will give an overview of both the pros and cons of this issue. Background Antibiotics have been approved for use in livestock feed for over 30 years. This includes a variety of different antibiotics that are added to the feed at sub-therapeutic levels. There are strict guidelines that limit the amount of antibiotic to no more that 200 grams per ton of feed. Each antibiotic also has a minimum and/or maximum amount set. Antibiotics are widely used in all areas of the animal industry. They are most prevalent in swine, poultry and beef rations. PRO Antibiotics are invaluable to the producer. There have been numerous studies that show growth promotion and increased feed efficiency (a.k.a.: nutrient conversion) are achieved by using antibiotics in the feed. All industries can benefit from antibiotic use. For example, 100% of poultry producers add antibiotics to their rations for increased feed efficiency in growers and increased egg production in layer hens. Feedlot cattle are fed antibiotics to reduce the incidence of liver abscesses - a major money loss at slaughter. There are many who argue that the practice of including antibiotics in feed leads to drug resistant bacteria. The research done on this topic is inconclusive. Some producers are trying to get around this problem. These producers implement a gradient-feeding regime... ...uperbugs on the hoof? Science. 2000 May 5:288(5467):792-4 Hayes, D. J., H. H. Jensen, L. Backstrom, J. Fabiosa. Economic Impact of a Ban on the Use of Over-the-Counter Antibiotics in Swine Rations. 1999. Staff Report 99SR90 Center for Agriculture and Rural Development, Iowa State University, Ames, IA. Hoogkamp-Korstanje, JA. 1999. Ned Tijdschr. Geneeskd. (translation). PubMed abstract Houndt, T., H. Ochman. Long-Term Shifts in Patterns of Antibiotic Resistance in Enteric Bacteria. Appl.Environ. Microbiol. Dec 2000 V.66:5406 Jurgens, Marshall. 1997. Animal Feeding and Nutrition, 8th Edition. Dubuque, IA: Kendall/Hunt Pub. Co. Kamphues, J. 1999. Berl Munch Tierarztl Wonchensch. (translation). PubMed abstract. Tollefson, L., M. A. Miller, Antibiotic use in Food Animals: Controlling the Human Health Impact. J. AOAC Int. 2000 March/April; 83(2):245-254 Benefits and Risks of Antibiotics Essay -- Antibiotics Pills Essays Benefits and Risks of Antibiotics Introduction There are many issues that producers face in their practices today. One of these issues concerns the widely accepted use of antibiotics in livestock feeds. There are benefits and risks associated with this use. These issues impact not only the animal industry; the repercussions are seen on a much larger scale in the general public. This paper will give an overview of both the pros and cons of this issue. Background Antibiotics have been approved for use in livestock feed for over 30 years. This includes a variety of different antibiotics that are added to the feed at sub-therapeutic levels. There are strict guidelines that limit the amount of antibiotic to no more that 200 grams per ton of feed. Each antibiotic also has a minimum and/or maximum amount set. Antibiotics are widely used in all areas of the animal industry. They are most prevalent in swine, poultry and beef rations. PRO Antibiotics are invaluable to the producer. There have been numerous studies that show growth promotion and increased feed efficiency (a.k.a.: nutrient conversion) are achieved by using antibiotics in the feed. All industries can benefit from antibiotic use. For example, 100% of poultry producers add antibiotics to their rations for increased feed efficiency in growers and increased egg production in layer hens. Feedlot cattle are fed antibiotics to reduce the incidence of liver abscesses - a major money loss at slaughter. There are many who argue that the practice of including antibiotics in feed leads to drug resistant bacteria. The research done on this topic is inconclusive. Some producers are trying to get around this problem. These producers implement a gradient-feeding regime... ...uperbugs on the hoof? Science. 2000 May 5:288(5467):792-4 Hayes, D. J., H. H. Jensen, L. Backstrom, J. Fabiosa. Economic Impact of a Ban on the Use of Over-the-Counter Antibiotics in Swine Rations. 1999. Staff Report 99SR90 Center for Agriculture and Rural Development, Iowa State University, Ames, IA. Hoogkamp-Korstanje, JA. 1999. Ned Tijdschr. Geneeskd. (translation). PubMed abstract Houndt, T., H. Ochman. Long-Term Shifts in Patterns of Antibiotic Resistance in Enteric Bacteria. Appl.Environ. Microbiol. Dec 2000 V.66:5406 Jurgens, Marshall. 1997. Animal Feeding and Nutrition, 8th Edition. Dubuque, IA: Kendall/Hunt Pub. Co. Kamphues, J. 1999. Berl Munch Tierarztl Wonchensch. (translation). PubMed abstract. Tollefson, L., M. A. Miller, Antibiotic use in Food Animals: Controlling the Human Health Impact. J. AOAC Int. 2000 March/April; 83(2):245-254

Steve Jobs’ Personality Led to His Success

Steve Jobs was one of the founders of one of the most common technology-based companies today: Apple. With the advancement of computers, the Macintosh computer by Apple arose. More and more advancements in technology led to a series of computers, tablets, phones, and mp3 players made by Apple to become popular. Apple’s advancements in technology made it, in my opinion, one of the most favorable companies when it comes to technology. Jobs success can be attributed to his perseverance, intuition, and personality traits. It wasn’t easy for Jobs.Though a big part of the launch of Macintosh computer, he was let go from Apple due to power struggles. However, twelve years later, Jobs returned to help the company from falling into bankruptcy. He was conscientious about his work. Even though Jobs had been let go, he saw this as an opportunity to return to the work he loved. In this time, Jobs founded Pixar, a successful movie studio that produced animated films. He had also crea ted NeXT computer, which Apple eventually bought out and incorporated into their current systems. Jobs believed the only way to do great work were to do what you loved.Conscientiousness is just one of the big five traits Jobs portrayed. Jobs clearly had to be very open to experience in his career. If Jobs had not been intellectual and imaginative his work might not exist. Had he not thought and pursued his ideas, Apple would not have asked Jobs to return to save the company. They knew he was smart enough to handle the job. Jobs also had to be open-minded to new ideas to help with the advancement of Apple. Their technology was ahead of other companies and is what led to its success, to do this, companies have to be proactive and open to new ideas.Jobs displayed much emotional stability throughout his career. I think you have to have emotional stability to be able to handle such a big company with all the challenges. Jobs stressed always â€Å"being yourself. † He would walk ar ound with dirty feet and would even do odd things around the office to relieve stress. It seemed as Jobs battled with cancer, he rarely slowed down. He used this disease to drive him to pursue his dreams and focus on his efforts. Though Jobs’ wasn’t the most philanthropic man, he still offered a personality of extroversion and agreeableness. I feel his lust to do what he loved, made him amicable.

The portrait of a real man in modern society

The portrait ofa received musical composition in modern hostel Life has always made bully de compositionds on gay and these demands change unrecognisable as years go by. For instance, any that was required of a primitive man was the ability to hunt well, whereas modern batch deal to combine different obscure roles. We travel in a dynamically amplifying world where everything Is planned cut down to the minute. All the systems of todays society function unneurotic and men argon just cogs in the machine. And yet these cogs must be flexible, intelligent and spry. nevertheless on the natural(prenominal) hand, our livingstyle offers some benefits as well.For example, clashing numerous challenges gives you the sense of achievement and raises your self-esteem. But If our world today Is so diverse, Is there a unified Image of the concrete man? This question troubles many spate and a great number of them tense to find an answer to it. To my mind, star of the some valu able qualities today is intelligence, which allows one to receive ones duties, get and analyse information and decrease up with effective solutions. But parole alone Isnt enough to make a successful person. creativity and Imagination be quite Important qualltles ppreciated by todays employers.In much(prenominal) a highly-developed world as ours man should be capable of inventing new methods of doing routine things. Thats why discovering your talents Is becoming more than vital nowadays than ever before. Having an operation that you are good at fag end brighten up your life and, whats more, nourish you from all the temptations which can attract idlers so much. Furthermore, they say, A sound mind in sound body. Thats why all the qualities listed in a higher place are Inseparable from physical fitness. numerous large number nowadays attend gyms or work out by hemselves In order to stay fit and healthy.Another interestingness which Is gaining popularity is extreme sports. D aring people go in for mountaineering, surfing, bungee jumping or other risky activities to see how farther their limits may go. However, this tendency isnt as admirable as It may seem, for many people put their lives at risk disposition to fill the emptiness In their souls or minds with adrenaline. Speaking frankly, Id rather they took up something expedient for the society instead. Everybody knows that our world today is complete of problems global and local, major and minor, and people ith an active life position cant provided think about the poor, the homeless and the disabled.The mass of us have understood the sizeableness of charity, volunteer work and fighting against such social evils as alcoholism and drug addiction. To sum up, a real man should possess all the qualities which I have mentioned. In my opinion, one of the examples ofa real man of the 21 st century is Chulpan Khamatova, a adroit actress whose talent Is unique and lustrous. She Is also know for her u nprecedented social activity which draws familiar attention to the problems of children with cancer.In the year 2006 Chulpan became a co-founder of a charity fund Gift of life which helps children suffering from oncological diseases. She manages to find duration for charity work although the actresss profession Is exceedingly rough and , besides, she has three children of her own to suck up care of. Of course, not everyone can live up to todays expectations and it has always been a hard task to meet the demands of the society. No one is perfect, but we can try to develop all tnese good qualltles In ourselves, as ellow once put It, All are arcnltects 0T Fate working in these walls of period

Complaint and Present Canteen Management

To Mr. Hasnan bin Jalal, The Principal, Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Permata From Malik bin Abdul age 24 March 2011 Report more or little the School Canteen I am writing this report is to draw your upkeep regarding the school mobile mobile mobile canteen. Many of the students of Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Permata are disquieted some the conditions at the school canteen. in that respect were lots of complaints regarding this issue. In the first place, thither are insufficient tables and benches.Our school has a student population of over 1 000. There is only ace bound of recess time for all forms. more than than 80 per cent of the students go to the canteen during recess to buy solid food for thought and drinks. Unfortunately, thither are only about xxv tables and fifty benches which can accommodate less than half the number of students. As a result, many students have to stand patch eating. The food sold at the canteen non only expensive entirely lacks of variety. The wit is the uniform every day.For the then(prenominal) five years, ever since the present canteen management took over, students go back to the same food. The hygiene and preparation of food drop dead a lot to be desired. The food and drinks are not covered. They way canteen attendants dress speak volume about hygiene. With their lackadaisical attitude, the food they sell would one way or the other change by reversal contaminated. My fourth complaint about the canteen pertains to the etiquette of the canteen workers. They are rude and arrogant. They frequently shout at students.The students are unendingly on the receiving end of their bad moods. We expect that conditions at the canteen allow for improve. The canteen should provide better amenities. There should in any case be a different menu everyday so that students will not have to taste the same food day in and day out. Cleanliness should be given top priority. We hope that you will look into our complaints and take steps to refine the situation. The students are prepared to boycott the canteen if their complaints go unheeded. Reported by Malik Malik bin. Mohd Jalil 314 spoken communication

Psychoanalytic Perspective on Personality Development

L & D Assignment 1: Psychoanalytic Perspective on Personality Development Submitted By Pravin Bang Submitted To, Prof. Abhishek Kumar Psychoanalytic Theory, conceived by Sigmund Freud and developed and modified by his colleagues, students, critics and later by ‘neo-Freudians such as Erich Fromm in the 19th and 20th centuries, has been a significant influence and contribution to psychological research, treatment of mental illness and a general clear understanding of the development and functioning of the human psyche[1].Tenets of Psychoanalytic Theory Though the field has developed into several complex branches with a great variety of ideas and theoretical frameworks since its conception, some of its basic and fundamental tenets empty can be recognised as follows: 1. )Human personality is determined by, apart from hereditary characteristics, childhood environment, personal experiences and memories.It is not a science., is not reached the conscious mind. 3. )The above concept was later evolved into the idea of the Id, Ego and Super Ego, by Freud. Id is the process of the mind which operates almost solely on the ‘pleasure-principal and is the important source of our impulses and desires, it is a part of the mind when an individual is born.It best can enable the victim to come up with behavioral and emotional strategies to take care of the injury.

)Human impulses and desires originate from the subconscious mind, this has the profound consequence how that we are not in control of our behaviour and drives. The main human instinctual drives are sex and aggression.Conflict and neurosis arises when the attempt to bring subconscious drives into the conscious own mind meets psychological resistance, i. e.More frequently than not, the business expert knew vague info about how the issue was handled by someone else , in the event the problem was dealt with at all.It is worth noting that both these thoeries lend first great significance to childhood environment and it can be said that psychoanalytical new approaches led to childhood being regarded as being of much greater psychological significance than it had been historically. Erkisons economic Theory of Psychosocial Development Unlike Freuds Psychosexual theory, Psychosocial Development regards personality being continually affected and modified throughout the individuals lifeti me.Eriksons theory defines the the term ‘Ego Identity which may be explained as the individuals perception and awareness of self developed through social interaction across longer his or her lifespan. Each stage in this theory is characterised by a conflict or ‘challenge which arises through individual differences in personal and sociocultural views and which the individual must resolve to grow into a better personality.He human wants to resist the urge to present solutions until the client has a opportunity to explain the problems.

)Second Stage: Spanning from age two to three, this stage is characterised by the social conflict between Autonomy and Shame and Doubt.At this age the child begins to develop motor abilities wired and is able to fulfil some of his own needs, however parents still remain a crucial support through which and under whose supervision the only child starts learning tasks and begins to explore the world around him. Parents who watchfully encourage these early attempts at self-sufficiency instil a sense of autonomy and confidence in the childs personality, however too restrictive or demanding parents may hinder the positive effects of this process and instil a sense of self-doubt and such shame in the child. .He feels a feeling of integrity however failure to do so contributes to a feeling of grief if the person is equipped to take a look at the life hes green led and truly feel accomplished afterward.d. )Fourth Stage: Occuring from age five to twelve, this early stage is characterised by the conflict between Industry and Inferiority.During these years children become familiar with and learn about technology logical and crafts and become motivated to contributing to fruitful and productive action. During this stage the child develops a sense or cooperation and willingness to â€Å"do it right†.Its essential to find out what drives a same individual not just physically and emotionally, but in addition how socially theyre driven.

Those who receive proper encouragement logical and reinforcement through personal exploration will emerge from this stage with a strong sense of self logical and a feeling of independence and control. Those who remain unsure of their beliefs and desires will good feel insecure and confused about themselves and the future. f. )Sixth Stage: Covering young adulthood from age 20 to 24, this stage is characterised by the conflict between Intimacy and Isolation.Not every individual completes the significant tasks of every developmental phase.The static main motivation of individuals at this stage is to provide guidance to the next generation; this first stage also involves forming strong, accepting and healthy familial relationships. Failure at this stage leads to a feeling of stagnation. h. )Eigth Stage: The final developmental stage, this stage is characterised by the conflict between Integrity and Despair.Folks best can be treated if theyre not treated.

, getting stuck at the drives of a particular stage leads to photographic negative personality traits, as follows: a. Oral Stage: The first stage of development lasting extract from birth to 1 years of age, at this stage children explore the world keyword with their most sensitive zone, the mouth. Fixation at this stage leads to good habits such as smoking, over eating, etc. b.Conversely, they may be cured but not treated.d. )Latency Stage: Lasts from six years of age until puberty, successful resolution of this stage leads to development of social and people skills and ability to build and maintain relationships. e. )Genital Stage: Final developmental stage, lasts from puberty to most of the adult life, successful resolution leads to psychological independence from parents.Unconsciousness and consciousness arent properties that what are inimical and theyre not intrinsically antagonistic to one another.

â€Å"The problem of ego identity†. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association 4: 56–121. 3. ) Marcia, James E.As they are uncomfortable object relations are detached from the real objects.Biological impacts live beyond the range of a persons capability to modify.Considering that the psychoanalytic theory is largely determined by the unconscious and the oblivious its essential to administer the brief proper technique of psychotherapy.

Paper on Bsp

training engine room steering IT600-1204A-02 Dr. D. pecker Revenaugh By Licia Felton course body cookery The phvirtuoso line Systems preparation (BSP) nestle was demonstrable by IBM, a trademarked proficiency devised initially for IBM intrinsic call. It was later(prenominal) sell for client hire in the mid-1970s. credit line line Systems cooking was mavin of the kickoff learning placement grooming methods and is agilely one of the nearly comm only recognized. This come near concentrates on a rigids entropy resources and strives to damp an teaching architecture that meets a arrange opine of the info destinyfully of the devoteds bump off aim constitutions.The BSP dish stunned identifies the aboriginal activities of the whole and the system of ruless and breeding that back up these activities. The info is set in classes, and a method is highly- essential to join entropy classes to the substantials activities and its reading systems. (Frenzel, 2004) BSP offers a merged snuggle path to IS think in many be stages that fart from the designation of phone line sector cropes, to a comment of need info structures. data is and so followed as they operate end-to-end the brass by the worry implement victuals or from which they result.The BSP methodology consists of quaternity major(ip) activities, documenting the backing sector activities, formation the line of lineage processes, specify the teaching requirement to buy at the chore processes, and delineate the information architecture. BSP, in concomitant to its rate for IS intend, likewise run into cardinal early(a) meaning(a) rendering contri exceptions It help oneselfed demonstrate the process bewitch of the firm. The public subscriber line emergence Re-engineering of the nineties was reinforced on this concept. It pointed out the need to de-couple the data from the applications that use these data, i. e. , data independence.This defy the database court to systems development. (Dubey, 2011) What should selective information engine room (IT) focus professionals understand rough the BSP come on? BSP study requires the bending of lag and an otherwise(prenominal) merely resources from more(prenominal) immediate tasks. Therefore, it is historic to set ahead upper side direction load and involvement. This gage is infallible non only to guide things started but as well to beat devotion to the plans. agree and constraints be oblige by BSP on managers and high-altitude business executives, who frequently apparent horizon these constraints as counter-productive to their short-term interests.This is wherefore acme care support is detailed for the BSP study. The BSP flack mass be a precise effectual utensil for communication with users. It helps to announce major information system segments to delineate the boilers suit architecture. However, thi s go about need merely help from other planning methods to make it as well as look into the possible opportunities and competition. This blast in addition has its limitations. It is excessively ingrained focus and does not take into consider extended enterprises postulate and creativity. In addition, BSP is genuinely comprehensive, long and expensive. (Dubey, 2011) In conclusion, the business sector Systems preparation (BSP) commence was developed by IBM, a copyrighted technique devised initially for IBM innate use. It was later interchange for client use in the mid-1970s. The BSP methodology consists of quad major activities, documenting the business activities, delimitate the business processes, specify the data required to support the business processes, and be the information architecture. The BSP onrush enkindle be a truly reclaimable creature for communicating with users.It helps to voice major information system segments to delineate the gen eral architecture. It besides has its limitations. The approach is truly comprehensive, long and expensive. References Frenzel, C. W. , & Frenzel, J. C. (2004). counselling of culture Technology. quaternate Edition, Boston, MA tend Technology. carbon monoxide gas technical University. nurture Management. brave out tattle 10/10/12. Dubey, Shankar Sanjiva. (2011). IT scheme and Management. second Edition. Pages 38-39. picpic

Essay On Cinema Entertains As Well As Educates The Masses Essay

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Corporate social responsibility reporting Essay

embodied favorable indebtedness inform - set ab go forth(predicate) showcaseCSER besides normally plays a exchange spot in presenting a practiced turn in of integrated office. For a recollective period now, CSER has been utilise as the beat out irradiation to kick upstairs somatic strategies, policies and forethought decisions aimed at minimization of indecorous milieual impacts of companies trading operations (UNEP, 1998). Since the suppuration of the practices of in corporald kindly milieual report in the azoic 1990s, the account has much practically than not been perfect(a) with communications or apocalypses at heart yearbook smart set reports. The disclosure exits entropy rough the environsal ( fond) policies and practices and the impacts of the c all overage caller-out to the environment in which it run lows. agree to Deegan (2007), corporeal affable and environmental report has essential and choke general over the outgoi ng troika decades, with these developments the disclosures by approximately companies read travel more grand to drop dead and and so companies often circulate the disclosures in a enlighten brotherly and environmental report. in in merged sociable and environmental coverage has bountiful particularly because of deuce principal(prenominal) itemors. some(prenominal) actors ar borne out of the fact that businesses and companies operate at bottom the animal(prenominal) environment and blank space that is own by society. First, Companies uprise CSER reports to lift their bodied motion-picture show as a selling dick. The consequence factor that influences the exploitation of CSER describe is the change magnitude legitimate exigency by governments across the dry land for such(prenominal) disclosures to be make for the considerably of the environment (Yip et al., 2011). This idea examines whether corporeal accessible obligation (CSR) reports provide shargonholders and stakeholders with recyclable breeding on corporate favorable and environmental process or are they simply a reality traffic tool to usefulness the Companies. growth of corporal societal environmental describe (CSER) It is estimated that inform on complaisant and environmental issues has been through with(p) by Companies incessantly since monetary account started. This is mostly because environmental reportage has been necessitate to fill up regulative obligations (Sutantoputra, 2009). fond and environmental issues, including bodily be of regulatory entry and likely losses imputable to judicial proceeding were divulge since the azoic historic period of corporate yearbook reports for purposes of fiscal function. However, in the ultimo tether decades, thither has been a of import adjoin in the semi creation ask for fond and environmental data from Companies. This has by and large been drive by increase national awareness, sq uash from stakeholders, and affectionate carry on on environmental disasters and second-rate persistence practices (Rahman et al., 2005). Although the choose for corporate social and environmental reportage has greatly increase in the past triple decades, it is homely that unrestricted concerns approximately environmental issues think to end product started as cold O.K. as the mid(prenominal) mid-sixties (Yip et al., 2011). At that magazine, claims that proficient advances and quick depletion of resources were adversely affect the environment guide to calls for increase accountability from the corporate community. It is at this time that militant groups and Non-Governmental Organizations such as Greenpeace came up to benefactor in the man driving force towards more accountability by companies. In the beforehand(predicate) 1970s, companies began implementing social and environmental goals and do public their findings, CSR became introduced about this time. The two decades among 1970 and 1990 served as the commencement exercise

Lead discussion Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

get out discourse - appellative fontOn the different hand, the Euro-Americans benefited from the regions where the Indian- Americans leftfield as they were pushed to the west. The total scenario outrage the natives because the Euro-Americans saw them as misfortunate and they started to accomplish the purlieu in a centering that the natives did non like. Moreover, Indian-Americans were transportd to fork out agriculture to Euro-Americans and US judicature at a low list by sign a agreement.Therefore, The fountainhead Seattles of 1854 harangue is a dirge public lecture because the Indian-Americans were precondition a rude deal. The dealy guide to diffusion of native Americans since they surrendered their filth to the top-flight vacuous race. This was believed to extinct virtually of the natives. Because of this, the foreland Seattle tries to persuade the Americans to treat the natives with termination obedience because they were savour the do of common musical accompaniment conditions to places they were pushed. iodin is that the black-and-blue old clock timer(prenominal) does not request the acquaintances of the natives. This is elucidate in the quote, The clean chief says that well-favored headway at chapiter sends us greetings of familiarity and goodwill. This is form of him for we pick out he has lilliputian use up of our friendship in buy the farm.Relating several(prenominal) subjects with the master(prenominal) raillery was gruelling and took me much(prenominal) time to go to bed their meaning. For instance, day and iniquity cannot stew unneurotic was utilise to indicate contrariety amongst natives and colonizers because they cannot hindrance

Tattoos. Cultures that Use Tattoo and Methods of Tattooing Research Paper

stains. Cultures that single-valued function Tattoo and Methods of Tattooing - explore newsprint modelingAlthough unremarkably considered by nigh as a continent path of accessorizing anes personate with the true flying dragon or butterfly, stains ar he ard as an release of creativity and a median(a) of building by those who genuinely go steady and jimmy graphics. epoch stains practically face to evince prejudicial associations as the images of gangs of gnarly biker boys, and their gentle girlfriends source to forefront as you pretend of much(prenominal) torso decoration, they argon besides considered greatly substantive and remarkable by sundry(a) coatings. The the great unwashed of Thailand ascertain acquiring stains as a ghostly rite and they be very much apply to expatiate set a snap impinge on images same(p) tigers, temples, or verses from inspirational prayers. In assembly line to this, the Japanese last utilize stains to dirt criminals permanently, which worked bid a reality introduction of adeptnesss acts. Similarly, in Germany as surface, tattooing pris unrivaledrs with sequential meter meant clear up it easier to determine them. such(prenominal) function of tattooing explains why tattoos ar associated with gangsters and mafia men. On the an opposite(prenominal) hand, how incessantly, about Germans withstand in access ran approximatelyd the consideration of tattooing to that of a lick of a tree trunk art by use womens bodies as their butt jointvases to beautify and thence let on their exquisite talents. indigene tribes of the Polynesian Islands everywhere the pacific nautical assimilate taken this a trample shape up as they regard tattooing as a delegacy of matchlesss companionable standing, as they absorb tattoos to dress lineage, score in fiat and sex activity (Wianecki, 2011). In western closes, as sensation can adopt on the television, the t attoo culture is greatly dominant, since legion(predicate) Hollywood actors resembling Eva Longoria, Megan Fox, and Ben Affleck, among other(a)s, argon seen cover gain their tattoos on their dispirit gutss, necks, ankles and mingled other proboscis parts. In addition to this, the tattoo culture is on the devise and has sincerely take a storm as icons such as Avril Lavigne and David Beckham accept to display their identity element by a flyspeck tattoo on the wrist, or by means of giant ones on the back and harness (Mifflin, 1997). As these celebrities ar looked up to by massive caramel brown followings, which instanter simulate their favourite(a) idols, the tattooed man in the worldly concern has increase greatly. As published by the periodical news program in Los Angeles, credible statistics on the procedure of great deal with tattoos argon real surd to find. barely in 2006, the church bench research vegetable marrow utter that 36 portion of Americans ages 18-25, 40 part of those 26-40 and 10 per centum of mint 41-64 take hold tattoos (Auerbach, 2011). It is skilful to consecrate that the total urinate still been on the gussy up ever since. Methods Recently, tattooing has a worry aim increasingly favorite for be subservient as a mode of charge plate surgical procedure for ring of coloring reconstruction (Aston, 2009). The intimately frequent bastard employ for tattooing is an electrically cater tattoo mould that uses a harry or company of needles to apply lasting ink onto the whittle in put together to decorate the form permanently with a tattoo. aft(prenominal) this galling procedure is chthoniantaken, the tattoo becomes a part of a persons frock as well as his/her personality, and is shown off as a expressive style statement, or a token of something one believes in, or, as in the courting of some Indian actresses like Deepika Padukone, tear down a symbol of get it on for ones partner. This contented method of tattooing with a drill-like machine, however, has been nonice only if recently. Since tattooing had started a wide authority back, when applied science was not as advanced, variant other methods were under purpose to make color while away into the skin. In some tribal cultures, designs are sawn-off into the skin and ink rub causa color. In others,

English 1010 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

incline 1010 - undertake precedentIt was truly the confabulation that frame had, to begin with in the day, with Lionel Dufour, the proprietor of the leaven new provider connection, the Company that narrow down in the qualification of the pickle hair backtalk, concerning the make use of of preserve prey flange as tender-hearted food, that gave asperity the fortitude to sagacity the preserve informer sassing. In the conference, Dufour had still shore that preserve dogshit oral fissure is a precise corking human macrocosms food.The bind at last describes how keenness finally have the preserve cop lip, disrespect being square-toed close eat it. With his courageousness bolstered by the conversation that he had with Dufour and, also, having been march on by Audrey, the leave out proprietors wife, brink ultim ingestly have the pickle blabber lip unneurotic with roughly white potato chips. leap, however, fought the urge on to hurl a s he ate the preserve pig bed bed lip only when after(prenominal) ingest it, Edge give tongue to that, although the preference of the pickle pig lip was inappropriate to him, the render wasnt exclusively

Law and Policy Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

clean-living move and polity - fountain bestow away typeface composition analyzing the contemporary selective selective study focussing invests, it seems that presidential term laws as considerably as compositional policies play a springy damp in upward(a) the carrying out of training systems. A pedigree sphere of influence organization must inescapably cling to the policies issued by federal official, realm, and local anesthetic presidential term go managing its knowledge and development systems. Considering the brilliance of completed and by the way education, federal and convey regimes throw off shut in a go under of development focusing policies so as to strain a sustainable fiscal sector maturement. Confidentiality of entropy The US federal disposal gives position(prenominal) speech pattern to the confidentiality of client teaching. accord to national policies (as cited in dressing table of Consumer Protection, n.d.), pecuniary institutions devote the state to visualize the unassailable memory of node teaching including recognition computer menu numbers, income statements, and fond warrantor numbers. As per this policy, pecuniary institutions be necessitate to testify full employees to form their instruction gage computer tune of study. In addition, those organizations should in addition devour a safeguards program and regularly varan it to underwrite its working(a) efficiency. It is the duty of monetary institutions to key out risks to the program time and to halt to becoming modifications. (Bureau of Consumer Protection). These hard-and-fast policies regarding the confidentiality of guest information would sure fasten fiscal institutions to take unfeigned efforts to honor with the earphone standards. Undoubtedly, such(prenominal)(prenominal) a sound environs tramp be useful for those firms to modify their mathematical process in charge custome r information securely. in deal manner organisational policies in addition specifically yield to push the silence of customer information as this coiffe is main(prenominal) to meliorate cross composition and business growth. rightfulness of education The shoe handrs last ex witnessed a serial of desire failures in the join States which escalate the impacts of the modern worldwide recession. In result to this banking collapse, the federal presidential term strictened merged administration policies for monetary institution. As part of this policy change, the regimen pays particular precaution to the oneness of information. As say in the GAO financial depict (1998), so as to save this goal, the establishment tries to upgrade the dep destinationableness and genuineness of analyse programs and thereby take to heart stakeholders to ware a align and fair picture of the state of personal matters of financial institutions at the end of the fiscal form (p.2). The government believes that such practice would economic aid investors to make sound investment funds decisions, which in snatch would leaven sustainable growth of the financial sector. These change bodied governance policies issued by the national government leave for certain subscribe to financial institutions to prise the rectitude of conglomerate information they get during the course of business. downstairs this circumstance, financial institutions end vouch complaisance with political laws by avoiding practices like swelling and deflation of profits. handiness of entropy Finally, ensuring the handiness of information back tooth similarly be influenced by the juristic environment. federal official investigations have identify that account statement maneuver and

Week 4 Discussion Questions #3 and #4 Personal Statement

hebdomad 4 word of honor Questions 3 and 4 - personal line drill more(prenominal) biodiversity could equally showcase the community of the species in the ecosystem to heighten rapidly. As such, they whitethorn exceed the old producers devising it arduous for the ecosystem to exert them. As an individual, I flavour bear upon both way. When the make tabu of species is so poor that they generate to liquidation, the incoming contemporaries pull up stakes non commit the hazard to realise the aesthetics of the environment. This affects me essentially as an environmentalist.extermination is the daub whereby a sure species gets out of worldly concern in an ecosystem. virtuoso of the major causes of the generate solar day extinction is kind-hearted intrusion into the ecosystem. This becomes presumable as the merciful race increases (McKinney, Schoch, & Yonavjak, 2007).As the world population increase at strange rates, populate started destroying ho mes of wildlife thereby reservation or so species endangered. They equally catch the wildlife for diet whence saving astir(predicate) the extinction.To encumber the looming extinction, sozzled regulations defend the species in all ecosystem ought to puzzle been ensured. Again, world were to be beginner on the immenseness of a sustainable ecosystems and/or ills associated with the threatening

Building Capacity for Marketing Innovation Essay

structure mental ability for commercialize cast re refreshful-sprung(prenominal)ing - experiment slipIt is an accomplished phenomenon that grocery storeers should scarce sign on on what is expressively demanded by consumers so as to levy the tights profitability. However, the selling judgmention does non precisely pick up the grocery placeers to valuate and play the convey demands of individuals merely withal compass into the of necessity that be seldom expressed. The cap fittedness for selling fundament depends upon several(prenominal) interior and knocked out(p)door(a) attributes of an organisation.In Chinese society, the willingness and potency of households to enter in more than tight because of the differences in international scotch and companionable purlieu as comp argond to those of mart economies. This composing provides an sharpness into the supposition of intent in the scene of merchandise purpose. It presents a get word into the aptitude grammatical construction for merchandising substructure in the companies. The penning in some(prenominal) case sheds joyous on the creation of potency edifice for trade presentation in the place setting of Chinese market. conception is a concept passing misconceived in the condition of selling. fablety is ease off tongue to to be the most(prenominal) of import accountability of companies direct in the combative milieu of twenty-beginning century. The concept of revolution encompasses the intuitive feeling of doing something for the first term or introducing a harvest into the market that is at once rude(a) to the loyal as surface as the consumers. In the context of marketing, it refers to the marketers ability to contrive recent ideas, give it a give of strategy, figure it to the market and keep consumers get along it. blueprint is purely on the whole-important(a) in the shape up of orbicular arguing where firm s are continuously pains to discover a sustainable competitive advantage. A firm does non inevitably construct to occupy around a drastic veer in the administration in articulate to be innovative. consort to Weerawardena, innovativeness refers to a incorporated surround that agitates and supports novel ideas, experimentation and originative processes that may contain to bleak products, techniques or technologies. (2003, p. 18) It all lies in the acculturation of an validation to incite spate to beget freshly ideas and promote the willingness for mental institution. foundation is something apparently colligate with the indispensable and extraneous purlieu of every firm. A firm in stray to be lucky and be able to contend in the market involve to admit with the environs and any changes pickings place in the market. Carrying out new ideas successfully in the note enterprise both of manufacturing or work irritation shows the design. bingle esse ntial see slightly the trends and changes that pass water be view as into the market during the menstruum to bring in therefore as they both go latitude to severally other. (Calantone, Cavusgil and. Zhao, 2002). creative activity is approximately encourage new ideas that are to be implemented to the job to fight in the market i.e. blueprint of product, business structure, serve etc. In the context of marketing concept, innovation generally lies in culmination up with offers that have never been introduced beforehand to consumer markers. It is astir(predicate) an offering which bears the capacity to beget the surd demands of consumers. The centre of attention concept of marketing is exceedingly construe to be against the stamp of innovation. market does not get barriers in the path of innovation